Credit Note vs Debit Note: Do Not Miss 11 Key Differences

Issuing a debit note instead of a credit note or vice versa often confuses businessmen. To make the process a cakewalk, here is a quick comparison between credit and debit notes.

Jeel PatelJeel Patel
||8 min read
Credit Note vs Debit Note: Do Not Miss 11 Key Differences

Key Takeaways

  • 01Credit notes are issued by sellers to inform customers about amounts they're entitled to receive
  • 02Debit notes are issued to notify customers about outstanding debt obligations
  • 03Credit notes reduce accounts payable in the customer's account, while debit notes reduce accounts receivable in the supplier's account
  • 04Credit notes are written in red ink, debit notes in blue ink
  • 05Understanding when to issue each note prevents costly billing errors and maintains clear financial records

A contractor, irrespective of business, is accountable for issuing both credit and debit notes on different occasions, such as credit sales or credit purchases. Since both sound similar, oftentimes one might get confused. To avoid the surge of hassle, you must have a clear understanding of what debit notes and credit notes are.

The challenge with a credit note and a debit note is which to issue when. To quickly answer this, we have two scenarios.

Customer Scenario

If you are a contractee/customer and receive any damaged goods or goods not meeting your expectations, you return and expect a credit note from the contractor.

Seller Scenario

If you sell goods on credit or there are any credit purchases, and the payment is to be made in the future, you issue a debit note to the customer if there is a price rise. Another scenario when you issue a debit memo is when you acknowledge the credit memo.

This is not the end of the story; there is a long list of differences when it comes to credit notes vs debit notes. So check them out and know which to use, when to use, and how to use them.

Table of Content

  1. What is a Credit Note?
  2. What is a Debit Memo?
  3. 11 Crucial Differences Between Credit Notes & Debit Notes
  4. FAQs
  5. Conclusion

Before discussing the differences in detail, let us put some light and understand both the notes in brief.

What is a Credit Note?

A credit memo, aka a credit note, is a written piece of document created by the contractor to inform the customer about the difference amount the latter party is entitled to receive.

Following are the circumstances under which the sellers issue a credit memo to the customers:

When to Issue a Credit Note

  • Overstated invoice amount
  • Missing out on applying discounts on some products
  • The incorrect discount rate applied
  • Incorrect goods dispatched to the purchaser
  • Disappointed with the services
  • The customer receives damaged goods

The credit note decreases the accounts payable in the customer account.

To know in-depth details about a credit note, you can go through the linked article. It includes every single piece of information that you must know.

Now that you have a brief idea about a credit memo meaning, let's understand a debit note.

What is a Debit Note?

A debit note or debit memo is an articulated form of purchase return created by the customer to inform the contractor about the amount the latter party has to give to the customer.

Another occasion when the debit memo is issued is when the customer buys goods with a promise to pay after 10 days, and meantime, there is a rise in the price of the raw materials.

Price Increase Scenario

A customer buys goods worth $1000 with a promise to make the payment after 5-days. When sending goods, there is a rise in the price of transportation. In this case, the contractor will send a debit memo to the customer informing them about the current debt obligation.

Just like a credit note, issuing a debit note also requires reason(s), and the following are part of it:

When to Issue a Debit Note

  • Wrong goods received
  • On the account of credit sales, payments made in future
  • The seller delivers damaged goods
  • Incorrect cost or description mentioned in the invoice

Other essential information that debit note shows are:

  • Date of transaction
  • Unique identification number
  • Details about the original translation for which the debit note is issued
  • Sales tax
  • Signature

Impact on Accounts

The effect or result of issuing a debit note is it reduces account receivables in the supplier account.

We have a separate and detailed article specifically written on a debit note or memo. You can go through the article for all the wealth of information.

Now that we have discussed a brief about both credit and debit notes, let's know all the key differences.

11 Crucial Differences Between Credit Notes & Debit Notes

To precisely differentiate debit note vs credit note: Here are a few differentiating pointers. Remember the clear understanding of these notes will inform the buyers how much credit they have or how much they owe to their vendors.

Credit Note vs Debit Note: Complete Comparison

PointsCredit NoteDebit Note
DefinitionA credit note is issued by the contractor to the customer mentioning the amount the former party owes.A debit note is issued by the contractor to the customer, stating the reason for the debt obligation.
Who issues to whom?The contractor issues credit notes to the customer.The contractor creates a debit note informing the customer about the current due amount.
Reasons for issueDamaged goods received, Incorrect color/sizes/number of items, Incorrect invoice amount, Overpriced amountInvoice created before sending goods and later found an increase in price, Wrongly underbilling the goods
Purpose of the issueA credit note is issued to notify the buyer's account is credited, and the amount he/she is yet to receive.A debit note is issued to ensure a seller's account is debited and is yet to receive a certain amount from a buyer.
Can you reuse it?NoNo
What does it reflect?The credit note reflects a negative amount for the contractor.The debit note reflects a positive amount for the contractor.
What happens post-issuing?Account Payables are reduced in the customer's accountAccount Receivables are reduced in the supplier account.
What is the accounting entry?Sales Return A/C Dr. to Debtor's A/CCreditor's A/C Dr. to Purchase Return A/C
What color ink should you use to write?You must use red ink.You must use Blue ink to write a Debit note
What Is exchanged against?It is exchanged against a debit note.It is exchanged against a credit note.
Which account gets impacted?In the case of a credit note, the sales return account is impacted.In the case of a debit note, the purchase return account is impacted.

What is the end result?

Sales Account
Credit Note Result
The sales account is settled
Purchase Account
Debit Note Result
The purchase account is settled

This is how debit note and credit note is differentiated. We still have concerns, queries, or questions, and we have answered them in the next section.

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Frequently Asked Questions

There are various occasions to issue a debit note. For example, when you (as a customer) acknowledge the issue of a credit memo. Secondly, when you (as a contractor) understated the invoice and rectified it in the future. Lastly, when you (as a contractor) make credit sales, anticipate a rise in price in the future, which actually increases.

Credit notes, the officially regarded legal documents are raised when you (as a contractor) realize that you have not properly applied discount rates, or there is an overstated amount mentioned in the invoice, at this time you can issue a credit note. The credit note will inform the customer about the amount he/she has yet to receive.

Yes, every business transaction has an accounting entry. Here is how you can record the transaction:

Credit Note

  • Creditor's A/C Dr.
  • Purchase Return A/C

Debit Note

  • Sales Return A/C Dr.
  • Debtor's A/C

Conclusion

Both debit notes and credit notes are vital for any business since you would be using them at different times. It is a valuable piece of paper, and you cannot simply issue them without any prior checking or due diligence. We hope this article on debit notes vs credit notes delivers detailed information about both notes.

To create a credit note, you can sign up for a FREE TRIAL. Use this free trial to create unlimited memos and notes. You also get several other features with this free trial. So don't wait and get started.

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Written by

Jeel Patel

Founder & CEO at InvoiceOwl

Jeel Patel is the founder of InvoiceOwl, a highly-rated estimating and invoicing software designed to streamline contractor businesses' invoicing and estimating workflows. He holds a degree in Business Administration and Management from the University of Toronto, where he developed strong analytical capabilities and business acumen.

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